Traumatismo anorrectal contuso. Reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica / Blunt anorectal trauma. Case reportand literature review

Introducción: El traumatismo anorrectal es una causa poco frecuente de consulta al servicio de emergencias, con una incidencia del 1 al 3%. A menudo está asociado a lesiones potencialmente mortales, por esta razón, es fundamental conocer los principios de diagnóstico y tratamiento, así como los protocolos de atención inicial de los pacientes politraumatizados. Método: Reportamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 47 años con trauma anorrectal contuso con compromiso del esfínter anal interno y externo, tratado con reparación primaria del complejo esfinteriano con técnica de overlapping, rafia de la mucosa, submucosa y muscular del recto. A los 12 meses presenta buena evolución sin incontinencia anal. Conclusión: El tratamiento del trauma rectal, basado en el dogma de las 4 D (desbridamiento, derivación fecal, drenaje presacro, lavado distal) fue exitoso. La técnica de overlapping para la lesión esfinteriana fue simple y efectiva para la reconstrucción anatómica y funcional. (AU)

Introduction: Anorectal trauma is a rare cause of consultation to the Emergency Department, with an incidence of 1 to 3%. It is often associated with life-threatening injuries, so it is essential to know the principles of diagnosis and treatment, as well as the initial care protocols for the polytrau-matized patient. Methods: We present the case of a 47-year-old man with a blunt anorectal trauma involving the internal and external anal sphincter, treated with primary overlapping repair of the sphincter complex and suturing of the rectal wall. At 12 months the patient presents good outcome, without anal incontinence. Conclusion: The treatment of rectal trauma, based on the 4 D ́s dogma (debridement, fecal diversion, presacral drainage, distal rectal washout lavage) was successful. Repair of the overlapping sphincter injury was simple and effective for anatomical and functional reconstruction. (AU)

Tratamento endodôntico em dente permanente traumatizado com rizogênese incompleta: relato de caso / Endodontic treatment in permanent traumatised tooth with incomplete rhizoganis: case report / Tratamiento endodóntico en diente permanente traumatizado con rizoganis incompleta: presentación de un caso

Os traumatismos dentários representam um problema de saúde pública devido à alta prevalência e impacto psicossocial, sendo muito frequentes em crianças podendo resultar em necrose pulpar e culminar na rizogênese incompleta de dentes permanentes. Nestes casos de traumatismos em dentes permanentes com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar, o tratamento mais indicado pela literatura é a apicificação, sendo um tratamento complexo e longo. Considerando a importância deste tema, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um paciente com traumatismo dental e necrose pulpar, que acarretou a interrupção do desenvolvimento completo e adequado do ápice dentário, sendo necessária a intervenção por meio da técnica de apicificação e o acompanhamento a longo prazo. O caso trata-se de uma menina em que um traumatismo dentário acarretou fratura de um incisivo central superior com formação radicular incompleta, comprometendo tanto a estética quanto a vitalidade do dente. Foi realizado o tratamento endodôntico com apicificação e posteriormente ao plug apical de MTA. O dente foi restaurado definitivamente com resina composta e realizado acompanhamento do paciente. Nas consultas de acompanhamento houve ausência de sintomatologia dolorosa e satisfação da paciente com a aparência atual. Sendo assim, a apicificação apresenta-se como uma ótima alternativa para dentes com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar, embora longo houve uma melhora estética e satisfação do paciente.

Dental trauma represents a public health problem due to its high prevalence and psychosocial impact, being very frequent in children and can result in pulp necrosis and culminate in incomplete root formation of permanent teeth. In these cases of trauma to permanent teeth with incomplete root formation and pulp necrosis, the most indicated treatment in the literature is apexification, which is a complex and long treatment. Considering the importance of this topic, the objective of this work is to report the case of a patient with dental trauma and pulp necrosis, which caused the interruption of the complete and adequate development of the dental apex, requiring intervention through the apexification technique and follow-up. long-term. The case is about a girl in which a dental trauma resulted in a fracture of a maxillary central incisor with incomplete root formation, compromising both the esthetics and the vitality of the tooth. Endodontic treatment was performed with apexification and then apical MTA plug. The tooth was definitively restored with composite resin and the patient was followed up. In the follow- up consultations, there was no painful symptomatology and the patient was satisfied with her current appearance. Thus, the apexification presents itself as a great alternative for teeth with incomplete root formation and pulp necrosis, although in the long run there was an aesthetic improvement and patient satisfaction.

Los traumatismos dentales representan un problema de salud pública debido a su alta prevalencia e impacto psicosocial, siendo muy frecuentes en niños y pudiendo dar lugar a necrosis pulpar y culminar en la formación incompleta de la raíz de los dientes permanentes. En estos casos de traumatismos en dientes permanentes con formación radicular incompleta y necrosis pulpar, el tratamiento más indicado en la literatura es la apexificación, que es un tratamiento complejo y largo. Considerando la importancia de este tema, el objetivo de este trabajo es relatar el caso de una paciente con traumatismo dentario y necrosis pulpar, que causó la interrupción del desarrollo completo y adecuado del ápice dentario, requiriendo intervención a través de la técnica de apexificación y seguimiento. a largo plazo. Se trata de una niña en la que un traumatismo dental provocó la fractura de un incisivo central maxilar con formación radicular incompleta, comprometiendo tanto la estética como la vitalidad del diente. Se realizó tratamiento endodóntico con apexificación y posterior taponamiento apical con MTA. El diente fue restaurado definitivamente con resina compuesta y el paciente fue sometido a seguimiento. En las consultas de seguimiento, no había sintomatología dolorosa y la paciente estaba satisfecha con su aspecto actual. Así, la apexificación se presenta como una gran alternativa para dientes con formación radicular incompleta y necrosis pulpar, aunque a la larga se produjo una mejoría estética y satisfacción de la paciente.

Trauma em ambientes rurais: avaliação de pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva / Trauma in rural environments: evaluation of patients interned in intensive care unit / Traumatismos en entornos rurales: evaluación de los pacientes ingresados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos

O acesso limitado do atendimento ao trauma aumenta proporcionalmente à ruralidade, refletindo em uma maior mortalidade e invalidez a longo prazo. A pesquisa objetivou identificar os desfechos de pacientes internados por trauma em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, acometidos em ambientes rurais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal observacional realizado em uma UTI geral de um hospital da região central do Estado do Paraná entre 2013 a 2019, através da análise de prontuários de 230 pacientes traumatizados em ambiente rural. Os dados foram analisados por meio de testes de Qui-quadrado de Pearson, exato de Fisher ou t de Student. Dentre os desfechos identificados, observou-se associação do sexo feminino com as comorbidades (p=0,024), das regiões mais afetadas de cabeça, pescoço e tórax com a gravidade do trauma (p=0,001), além de variáveis do primeiro atendimento, como suporte respiratório básico, PAS <90mmHg e Glasgow associados à pacientes cirúgicos e pupilas alteradas em pacientes clínicos. Para o desfecho, observou-se que as médias do tempo de permanência hospitalar foi significativamente menor para aqueles que foram a óbito. As características apresentadas assemelham-se às informações mencionadas na literatura, em que as lesões graves com a necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica e maior tempo de permanência hospitalar estão associados ao óbito em traumas rurais. Contudo, o trauma no ambiente rural, apesar de não refletir nem sempre em maior gravidade, apresenta desfechos impactantes para o paciente.

Limited access to trauma care increases proportionally to rurality, reflecting higher mortality and long-term disability. The research aimed to identify the outcomes of patients hospitalized for trauma in Intensive Care Units, affected in rural environments. This is an observational cross-sectional study carried out in a general ICU of a hospital in the central region of the State of Paraná between 2013 and 2019, through the analysis of medical records of 230 trauma patients in a rural environment. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-square, Fisher's exact or Student's t tests. Among the outcomes identified, there was an association between female sex and comorbidities (p=0.024), the most affected regions of the head, neck and chest with the severity of the trauma (p=0.001), in addition to variables of the first care, such as basic respiratory support, SBP <90mmHg and Glasgow associated with surgical patients and altered pupils in medical patients. For the outcome, it was observed that the average length of hospital stay was significantly lower for those who died. The characteristics presented are similar to the information mentioned in the literature, in which serious injuries requiring surgical intervention and longer hospital stays are associated with death in rural traumas. However, trauma in the rural environment, although not always reflecting greater severity, has impacting outcomes for the patient.

El acceso limitado a la atención traumatológica aumenta proporcionalmente a la ruralidad, lo que se refleja en una mayor mortalidad y discapacidad a largo plazo. La investigación tenía como objetivo identificar los resultados de los pacientes ingresados por traumatismos en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos, afectados en entornos rurales. Se trata de un estudio observacional transversal realizado en una UCI general de un hospital de la región central del Estado de Paraná entre 2013 y 2019, a través del análisis de las historias clínicas de 230 pacientes lesionados en el medio rural. Los datos se analizaron mediante las pruebas de chi-cuadrado de Pearson, exacta de Fisher o t de Student. Entre los resultados identificados, el sexo femenino se asoció con las comorbilidades (p=0,024), las regiones más afectadas de la cabeza, el cuello y el tórax con la gravedad del traumatismo (p=0,001), además de las variables de los primeros cuidados, como la asistencia respiratoria básica, la PAS <90mmHg y el Glasgow asociado a los pacientes quirúrgicos y las pupilas alteradas en los pacientes clínicos. En cuanto al resultado, se observó que la duración media de la estancia hospitalaria fue significativamente menor para los que murieron. Las características presentadas son similares a la información mencionada en la literatura, en la que las lesiones graves con necesidad de intervención quirúrgica y mayor estancia hospitalaria se asocian a la muerte en el trauma rural. Sin embargo, el traumatismo en el medio rural, a pesar de no reflejar siempre una mayor gravedad, presenta resultados impactantes para el paciente.

Morfología de las lesiones iatrogénicas de la vía biliar: aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos / Morphology of iatrogenic lesions of the bile duct: diagnostic and therapeutic options

RESUMEN: Las lesiones iatrogénicas de las vías biliares (LIVB), en el curso de una colecistectomía laparoscópica (CL), son complicaciones que causan resultados inesperados para cirujanos un incremento en los riesgos de los pacientes (morbilidad y mortalidad), afectando su calidad de vida. Asimismo, causan situaciones difíciles desde el punto de vista técnico para el cirujano que debe repararlas desde un punto de vista técnico. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue resumir la información referente a las LIVB y describir su morfología y opciones diagnóstico-terapéuticas.

SUMMARY: Iatrogenic Bile duct injuries (IBDI), during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CL), are complications that cause unexpected results for surgeons, an increment in patient risks (morbidity and mortality), and affect the patient´s quality of life. At the same time, they create difficult situations for the repairing surgeon from a technical point of view. The aim of this manuscript was to summarize the information regarding IBDI and to describe its morphology and diagnostic-therapeutic options.

Protocolo de transfusão maciça: experiência no atendimento ao trauma / Massive transfusion protocol: experience in trauma care

Introdução: O trauma é uma das principais causas de morte no mundo e a hemorragia é responsável por 30% a 40% da mortalidade relacionada ao trauma. O estabelecimento de um protocolo de transfusão maciça (PTM) oferece oportunidade de medidas preventivas de controle de danos ao doente com choque hemorrágico grave. Objetivo: analisar dados epidemiológicos dos pacientes submetidos ao PTM em instituição de referência em trauma. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, envolvendo pacientes submetidos ao PTM no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2018. Dados sanguíneos, identificação do paciente, local do trauma, tipo de acidente, informações clínicas e desfecho foram obtidos por meio de revisão de prontuários e informações coletadas no núcleo transfusional do hospital. A análise estatística foi feita com o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 23. Resultados: 306 pacientes foram avaliados, houve predominância do sexo masculino e idade de 18 a 30 anos. 55,9% dos pacientes eram procedentes de Fortaleza. O grupo sanguíneo predominante foi O, a maioria fator Rh positivo. O tórax foi o local mais comum de trauma. A maioria dos casos foi relacionada a trauma penetrante, sendo 53,6% por armas de fogo e 8,5% por armas brancas. As medianas do Escore ABC, de concentrado de hemácias e de plasma fresco usados foram de 2. 29,7% tiveram óbito em 24 horas e apenas o local do trauma - abdome - revelou-se como fator protetor para esse desfecho. Conclusão: observou-se a inexistência de associações significativas entre as variáveis do protocolo e o desfecho clínico de óbito.

Introduction: Trauma is one of the main causes of death in the world and hemorrhage is responsible for 30% to 40% of trauma-related mortality. The establishment of a massive transfusion protocol (TMP) offers the opportunity for preventive measures to control damage to the patient with severe hemorrhagic shock. Objective: to analyze epidemiological data of patients submitted to the MTP in a trauma reference institution. Methods: this is a study retrospective with a quantitative approach, involving patients undergoing MTM from January to December 2018. Blood data, patient identification, trauma site, accident type, clinical information and outcome were obtained through review of medical records and information collected at the hospital transfusion center. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: 306 patients were evaluated, there was a predominance of males and ages from 18 to 30 years. 55.9% of the patients were from Fortaleza. The predominant blood group was O, being the majority with Rh positive factor. The thorax was the most common site of trauma. Most cases were related to penetrating trauma, being 53.6% for firearms and 8.5% for white weapons. Median ABC score, concentration of red blood cells and fresh plasma used were 2. 29.7% were dead in 24 hours and only the trauma site - abdomen - was revealed as a protective factor for this outcome. Conclusion: it was observed, after completing the study, the inexistence of significant associations between the protocol variables and the clinical death outcome.

Morphological characteristics, classifications and difficulties in the use of diagnostic criteria for serrated lesions of the large intestine

Abstract: Introduction Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal neoplasm in the world, accounting for 15% of cancer-related deaths. This condition is related to different molecular pathways, among them the recently described serrated pathway, whose characteristic entities, serrated lesions, have undergone important changes in their names and diagnostic criteria in the past thirty years. The multiplicity of denominations and criteria over the last years may be responsible for the low interobserver concordance (IOC) described in the literature. Objectives: The present study aims to describe the evolution in classification of serrated lesions, based on the last three publications of theWorld Health Organization (WHO) and the reproducibility of these criteria by pathologists, based on the evaluation of the IOC. Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed, ResearchGate and Portal Capes databases, with the following terms: sessile serrated lesion; serrated lesions; serrated adenoma; interobserver concordance; andreproducibility.Articlespublished since 1990were researched. Results and Discussion: The classification of serrated lesions in the past thirty years showed different denominations and diagnostic criteria. The reproducibility and IOC of these criteria in the literature, based on the kappa coefficient, varied in most studies, from very poor to moderate. Conclusions: Interobserver concordance and the reproducibility of microscopic criteria may represent a limitation for the diagnosis andappropriatemanagementof these lesions. It is necessary to investigate diagnostic tools to improve the performance of the pathologist's evaluation, for better concordance, and, consequently, adequate diagnosis and treatment. (AU)

Efectos terapéuticos de la crioterapia con nitrógeno líquido en lesiones por fotodaño, en la consulta dermatológica / Therapeutic effects of cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen in lesions by photo damage in dermatologic consultation

RESUMEN La crioterapia es el conjunto de procedimientos que utilizan el frío en la terapéutica médica. Emplea diversos sistemas y tiene como resultado la disminución de la temperatura de la piel; produce una destrucción local de tejido de forma eficaz y controlada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una actualización para exponer los aspectos esenciales sobre formas de empleos, indicaciones, complicaciones y contraindicaciones. Existen varios métodos de aplicación de la crioterapia, que incluyen las técnicas de congelación de spray o aerosol y con aplicadores, el método criosonda, y el uso de termoacoplador. Está indicada en varias entidades, entre las que se encuentran la queratosis seborreica y actínica, lentigos solares, carcinoma basocelular y espinocelular in situ. Las complicaciones más observadas son vesicoampollas, hiperpigmentación e hipopigmentación, y las contraindicaciones comunes son intolerancia al frío, tumores con bordes no delimitados o con pigmentación muy oscura, en localizaciones cerca de los márgenes de los ojos, párpados, mucosas, alas nasales y el conducto auditivo. El dominio de los métodos de aplicación e indicaciones es indispensable para elegir la conducta adecuada; de esta forma se evitan complicaciones y efectos colaterales (AU).

ABSTRACT Cryotherapy is the whole of procedures that use cold in medical therapy. It uses various systems and results in a decrease in skin temperature, leading to a local destruction of tissue in an effective and controlled way. The objective of this work is to make an update to expose the essential aspects on the ways of use, indications, complications and contraindications. There are several cryotherapy application methods that include spray or spray freezing techniques and applicators, the cryoprobe method, and the thermocoupler use. It is indicated in several entities, and among the most frequent are seborrheic and actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas in situ. The most observed complications are vesical blisters, hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, and the most common complications are: cold intolerance, tumors with non-delimited borders or very dark pigmentation, located near the margins of the eyes, on eyelids, mucous membranes, nasal wings, and on the ear canal. The mastery of the signs and application methods are essential to choose the appropriate behavior against the disease: side effects and complications are avoided that way (AU).

Influence of euthanasia, the intensity of inflammatory lesion and viral load in the laboratory diagnosis of rabies in cattle / Influência da eutanásia, intensidade da lesão inflamatória e carga viral no diagnóstico laboratorial da raiva em bovinos

This research reports the use of different diagnostic tests in cattle, naturally infected by Rabies lyssavirus (RABV), and correlates the positivity of the tests with the clinical moment of euthanasia, the intensity of the inflammatory lesion and viral load. It also highlights the possibility of euthanasia in early stages of the disease as a way to improve animal welfare. For that, samples of 34 bovine brains were collected for analysis, preserved in 10% buffered formaline and refrigerated with subsequent freezing. The samples were subjected to direct immunofluorescence antibody technique (DFAT) tests, viral isolation in cell culture (VICC), histopathology with hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), immunohistochemistry (IHC), Shorr stainied neural tissue smears (DSS), Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction by quantitative reverse transcriptase (qRT-PCR). The areas used for analysis were the cerebellum, parietal telencephalon and thalamus. Samples with Negri bodies (NBs) or immunostaining in at least one of the analyzed areas were considered positive. For the study of the intensity of histological lesions, the lesions were classified into grades 0, 1, 2 and 3 and the positivity of the test in the presence or absence of NBs in one of the three areas analyzed. To verify the influence of the disease clinical evolution, 4-four groups of analysis were created according to the animal's clinical status at moment of the euthanasia, being: M1 = animal euthanized while standing, M2 = euthanized when in sternal recumbence, M3 = euthanized when in lateral recumbence, M4 = animal with natural death. Of the 34 brains evaluated, IHC was positive in 100% of cases, DFAT was positive in 97.05% of them, and in this negative sample the presence of RABV was confirmed by VICC. NBs ere seen in 88.23% of the cases, and the DSS test was positive in 82.35% of them. All diagnostic techniques showed positive cases in all groups analyzed. Each case was positive in at least two diagnostic methods. All cases that contained NBs were positive for rabies in the other tests. In this study, it was observed that the variables analyzed (intensity of injury and clinical evolution at the moment of euthanasia) had an influence only on HE and DSS techniques, which are based on NB research to form the diagnosis, but did not interfere with the effectiveness of the diagnosis performed by detecting the viral antigen performed by DFAT and IHC. All isolated RABV samples included in the present study have a genetic lineage characteristic of hematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus. The evaluation of qRT-PCR showed that the amount of virus did not interfere in the positivity of the tests. This work shows that IHC and DFAT are safe diagnostic techniques. They are capable of detecting RABV even in euthanized animals in the early stages of clinical evolution with mild intensities of histological lesions.(AU)

Esta pesquisa relata a utilização de diferentes testes de diagnóstico em bovinos, naturalmente infectados pelo Rabies lyssavirus (RABV), e correlaciona a positividade dos testes com o momento clínico da eutanásia, a intensidade da lesão inflamatória, e a carga viral. Salienta também a possibilidade da eutanásia em estágios precoces da doença como forma de melhorar o bem-estar animal. Para isso amostras de 34 encéfalos bovinos foram coletados para análise, conservadas em formol tamponado 10% e sob refrigeração com posterior congelamento. As amostras foram submetidas aos testes de imunofluorescência direta (IFD), isolamento viral em cultivo de células (IVCC), histopatologia com coloração de hematoxilina e eosina (HE), imuno-histoquímica (IHQ), esfregaço direto com coloração de Shorr (EDS), reação da polimerase em cadeia por transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR) e reação da polimerase em cadeia por transcriptase reversa quantitativo (qRT-PCR). As áreas utilizadas para análise foram o cerebelo, telencéfalo parietal e tálamo. Foram consideradas positivas as amostras que apresentaram Corpúsculo de Negri (CNs) ou imuno-marcação em ao menos uma das áreas analisadas. Para o estudo da intensidade das lesões histológicas, as lesões foram classificadas em graus 0, 1, 2 e 3 e a positividade do teste na presença ou ausência de CN em uma das três áreas analisadas. Para verificar a influência da evolução clínica da doença foram criados 4 grupos de análise conforme o estado clínico do animal no momento da eutanásia, sendo: M1 = animal eutanasiado em estação, M2 = eutanasiado em decúbito esternal, M3 = eutanasiado em decúbito lateral, M4 = animal com morte natural. Dos 34 encéfalos avaliados a IHQ foi positiva em 100% dos casos, a IFD foi positiva em 97,05%, sendo que na amostra negativa a presença de RABV foi confirmada por IVCC. A histologia com HE, através da visualização das CNs, foi positiva em 88,23 % dos casos, e o teste de EDS, foi positivo em 82,35%. Todas as técnicas de diagnóstico apresentaram casos positivos em todos os grupos analisados. Cada caso foi positivo em, pelo menos, dois métodos de diagnóstico. Todos os casos que continham CN foram positivos para raiva nos demais testes. Nesse estudo observou-se que as variáveis analisadas intensidade de lesão e evolução clínica no momento da eutanásia tiveram influência somente nas técnicas de HE e EDS, que se baseiam na pesquisa do CN para formação do diagnóstico, mas não interferiram na eficácia do diagnóstico realizado através da detecção do antígeno viral realizado por IFD e IHQ. Todas as amostras RABV isoladas incluídas no presente estudo apresentam linhagem genética característica de morcegos hematófagos Desmodus rotundus. A avaliação de qRT-PCR demostrou que a quantidade de vírus não interferiu na positividade dos testes. Esse trabalho mostra que a IHQ e a IFD são técnicas seguras de diagnóstico e que mesmo em animais eutanasiados em estágios iniciais de evolução clínica com intensidades leve de lesões histológicas, são capazes de detectar o RABV.(AU)

Evaluación del programa de computación educativo para la aplicación de escalas ISS y AIS en el servicio de urgencias para residentes de ortopedia de la Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México / Evaluation of educational computer program for applying ISS and AIS scales in the emergency room for Orthopedic Residents of the Secretary of Health from Mexico City

Resumen: Introducción: Se creó el programa HAISS (Herramienta de Aprendizaje ISS) para mejorar la factibilidad y aprendizaje de las escalas de gravedad en trauma AIS (Abbreviated Injury Score) e ISS (Injury Severity Score). Objetivo: Obtener una herramienta de computación que promueva el aprendizaje y facilite el uso adecuado de las escalas AIS e ISS. Material y métodos: Se toma una muestra de 40 residentes de primero a cuarto grado de ortopedia de cuatro hospitales de la Secretaría de Salud. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo con estadística analítica. Se entregaron 10 casos clínicos para obtención de ISS mediante la escala AIS, se utilizó el manual AIS 2005 actualización 2008, se plantearon dos preguntas para evaluar facilidad de uso y factibilidad, se midió el tiempo de realización. Se repitió el proceso al mes con el programa HAISS. Resultados: Con ayuda del programa HAISS se redujo el tiempo para resolver los 10 casos en más de 50%, la aceptación por parte del usuario de la escala AIS también mejoró. La fiabilidad de obtener la codificación de las lesiones con AIS no mejoró, pero no se ve afectada la obtención del ISS. Conclusiones: El programa HAISS mostró aceptación en un grupo de residentes de ortopedia, mejoró en forma subjetiva su uso y además ocupa poco tiempo.

Abstract: Introduction: The HAISS (Herramienta de Aprendizaje ISS) program was created to enhance the feasibility and learning of trauma severity scores AIS (Abbreviated Injury Score) and ISS (Injury Severity Score). Objective: Get a computer tool that promotes learning and facilitate proper use of AIS and ISS. Material and methods: A sample of 40 orthopedic residents from 1st to 4th grade from 4 hospitals of the Ministry of Health was taken. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted with analytical statistics. 10 clinical cases for obtaining ISS by AIS score were delivered, this was done with the AIS Manual 2005 update 2008, two questions were conducted to evaluate the feasibility and ease of use, the time to perform was measured. The process was repeated a month later with the HAISS program. Results: Using the HAISS program reduced the time to resolve the 10 cases by more than 50%, acceptance by the user of the AIS scale also improved. Reliability to obtain the codification of lesions with AIS did not improve, but it did not affected ISS. Conclusions: The HAISS computer program is useful for orthopedic residents to accept the AIS score and ISS score mainly because it improved the ease of use and makes it more user-friendly, it also takes less time to use it.

Poliposis gigante de colon como forma de presentación de colitis ulcerativa ideopática. Reporte de caso / Giant polyposis of colon as a presentation form of the idiopathic ulcerative colitis. Case report

RESUMEN La poliposis gigante localizada es una complicación rara de la colitis ulcerativa ideopática de corta evolución. Esta lesión representa un acumulo localizado de pólipos que forman una masa colónica intraluminal de aspecto neoplásico que puede simular un cáncer de colon. Suele presentarse en los adultos jóvenes y es más común en los países desarrollados con una incidencia cada vez mayor. Se presentó un caso de pólipos inflamatorios gigantes (PIG) de recto sigmoides que ingresa como un probable tumor de recto cuyas manifestaciones clínicas fueron semejantes a la de cualquier enfermedad inflamatoria. El paciente desarrolló esta masa inflamatoria sobre una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal de poco tiempo de evolución clínica, con buena respuesta al tratamiento medicamentoso (AU).

ABSTRACT The located giant polyposis is rare complication of idiopathic ulcerative colitis of short evolution. This lesion is a localized accumulation of polyps forming an intra luminal colon mass of neoplastic aspect that might simulate a colon cancer. It is usually found in young adults, and it is more common in developed countries with a higher and higher incidence. We presented a case of giant inflammatory polyps (PIG as acronym in Spanish) of sigmoid rectum that entered the hospital as a probably rectum tumour, the clinical manifestations of which were similar to others of any inflammatory disease. The patient developed an inflammatory mass on a, intestinal inflammatory disease of short time clinical evolution, with a good answer to the medicinal treatment (AU).

Hematoma de Morel Lavallée gigante en la rodilla derecha: reporte de un caso / Giant Morel Lavallée hematoma in the right knee: case report

RESUMEN Se presenta el caso del paciente de 36 años de edad, con antecedentes de acondroplasia que desde hace 7 meses sufrió una lesión traumática no de gravedad en la rodilla derecha. La cual comienza a aumentar de volumen con contenido líquido fluctuante. Fue puncionado en dos ocasiones obteniéndose líquido serohemático; al no resolver y continuar aumentando de tamaño, se le plantea que es portador de un hematoma seroso de Morel Lavallée, que se produce por la fricción entre el tejido celular subcutáneo y la fascia. Su localización es infrecuente en la rodilla por lo que se decide presentar el caso ya que en la literatura revisada; no aparece ningún caso descrito. Por lo que constituye el objetivo principal de este trabajo, describir su proceder y la eficacia del tratamiento quirúrgico, con el que se obtuvo resultado satisfactorio (AU).

ABSTRACT We present the case of a patient aged 36 years, with antecedents of achondroplasia who 7 months ago suffered a non serious traumatic lesion in the right knee. The volume of the lesion began to increase with a fluctuant fluid contain. It was punctured twice draining serohematic fluid; it did not solve and the size increased more and more, so the patient was said that he had a serous Morel Lavallée hematoma, produced by the friction between the subcutaneous cell tissue and fascia. Its location in the knee is infrequent and it was not found any case like this in the reviewed literature; therefore we decided to present the case. The main objective of our work was describing it, showing the procedure and efficacy of the surgical that gave a satisfactory result (AU).

Correção cirúrgica de pseudoaneurismas e fístula arteriovenosa complexa entre vasos poplíteos / Surgical repair of pseudoaneurysms and complex arteriovenous fistula between popliteal vessels

A fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) é uma comunicação anormal e permanente entre uma artéria e uma veia devido a traumas penetrantes e lesões iatrogênicas. O trauma penetrante na parede arterial pode levar à formação de pseudoaneurismas (PSA) e, se houver lesão venosa concomitante, à formação de uma FAV. Os autores apresentam o caso de um paciente portador de FAV complexa de vasos poplíteos associada a pseudoaneurisma de artéria poplítea, sugeridos a partir de exames clínicos e exames de imagem, e tratados por cirurgia convencional devido à indisponibilidade de um stent graft com diâmetro apropriado, além de a cirurgia endovascular não estar disponível no serviço em que o paciente foi operado

An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an abnormal and permanent communication between an artery and a vein caused by penetrating traumas or iatrogenic injuries. A penetrating trauma to the endothelial wall can lead to formation of pseudoaneurysms (PSA) and to formation of an AVF. Here, the authors present the case of a patient with a complex AVF of popliteal vessels, associated with popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm, suggested by clinical features and imaging exams, and treated with conventional surgery due to unavailability of a stent graft with appropriate diameter and because endovascular surgery isn't provided at the service where this patient was operated

Utilidad del índice de presión arterial tobillo-tobillo en pacientes con trauma en extremidad inferior y signos blandos de lesión vascular / Significance and utility of the ankle-ankle systolic pressure index in inferior limb trauma patients and soft signs of vascular injury

Objetivos: Establecer la utilidad del índice de presión arterial tobillo-tobillo (ITT) en los pacientes con trauma de extremidades inferiores y signos blandos de lesión vascular en términos de sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos según el mejor punto de corte detectado. Material y método: Se incluyeron 120 pacientes con trauma en extremidades inferiores y signos blandos de lesión vascular que ingresaron al Hospital Universitario de Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia) durante los años 2012 a 2015, a los cuales se les calculó el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB) e ITT. Resultados: Un total de 21 (17,5%) pacientes tuvieron ITB menor a 0,9 al ingreso, los cuales fueron llevados a intervención quirúrgica inmediata, encontrando lesión vascular; 2 (1,6%) pacientes tuvieron ITB menor a 0,9 en el control realizado a las 6 h, los cuales también fueron llevados a intervención quirúrgica, encontrando lesión vascular. Por tanto, se encontraron 23 pacientes con lesión vascular. Las curvas ROC tanto de ITB como de ITT señalan que ambas tienen un muy buen desempeño para diagnosticar las lesiones vasculares en pacientes con signos blandos cuando se emplean una única vez. En ambos casos, el punto de corte propuesto tradicionalmente de 0,90 tiene una capacidad discriminatoria adecuada, con sensibilidad de 91% (IC 95%: 0,71-0,98), especificidad de 100% (IC 95%: 0,96-1,0), valor predictivo positivo de 100% (IC 95%: 0,83-1,0) y valor predictivo negativo de 97% (IC 95%: 0,92-0,99). Conclusión. El índice tobillo-tobillo (ITT) permite descartar lesión vascular en el paciente con trauma en extremidades inferiores y signos blandos.

Objectives: We pretend to establish the utility of the ankle-ankle systolic pressure index (AAI) in patients with trauma in the inferior limbs and soft signs of vascular injury describing its sensitivity, specificity and predictive values according to the best cut-off point. Material and method: The cohort included 120 patients with trauma in the inferior limbs and soft signs of vascular injury who attended the University Hospital of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia) over a period of 4 years (2012-2015). Results: 21 (17.5%) patients had an ankle brachial pressure index (ABI) < .9 at the admission and they received immediately surgical management, finding vascular injury in the operating room; 2 (1.6%) patients had an ABI < .9 in the 6 h monitoring control and they also received surgical management finding vascular injury. Therefore, we found 23 patients with vascular injury. The ROC curves for the ABI and AAI show that they both have a good achievement for the diagnosis of vascular injury in patients with soft signs when they were used one time. In both cases, the traditionally point of .90 has a good discriminatory capacity with a sensitivity of 91% (95% CI: .71-.98), specificity of 100% (95% CI: .96-1.0), positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI: .83-1.0) and negative predictive value of 97% (95% CI: .92-.99). Conclusion. The ankle-ankle systolic pressure index (AAI) allows to rule out vascular injury in the patient with trauma in the inferior limbs and soft signs.

Enseñar para aprender la adquisición de habilidades en la atención inicial del trauma a través de la enseñanza y el entrenamiento en estudiantes de la escuela de medicina / each to learn the acquisition of skills in initial trauma care through teaching and training in medical school students

Introducción: La atención inicial de los pacientes traumatizados es una de las prácticas médicas más frecuentes en los servicios de urgencias. La adquisición de las habilidades necesarias para el manejo correcto de estos pacientes debe incorporarse desde la formación médica básica. La docencia es una tarea compleja y es necesario implementar múltiples estrategias que garanticen la adquisición de conocimiento, permitiéndole convertirse en una herramienta pedagógica para los médicos en formación y crear nuevas oportunidades para la incorporación de nuevas habilidades para los estudiantes de la escuela de medicina. La correcta identificación de las estructuras anatómicas y la atención inicial del paciente traumatizado permitirán disminuir los posibles eventos adversos y la morbimortalidad de los pacientes quirúrgicos. Objetivos: Demostrar el uso de la enseñanza en la atención inicial del trauma como una herramienta pedagógica para el correcto aprendizaje y entrenamiento del residente de cirugía general. Material y Método: Dos períodos de análisis (enero -diciembre de 2016). En el primer período: sesiones de entrenamiento para residentes de cirugía general en atención inicial en pacientes politraumatizados, aprendizaje de anatomía humana normal en cadáveres formolizados al 10% y el desarrollo de habilidades mediante la aplicación de simuladores básicos y avanzados. En el segundo período: talleres de habilidades iniciales y quirúrgicas destinadas a estudiantes de medicina; dictado por el residente bajo la supervisión de especialistas, evaluando a través de la observación directa y la supervisión de la adquisición de conocimiento. Aprendizaje de los contenidos establecidos y mediante la simulación cognitiva a través del desarrollo de casos clínicos, la retroalimentación y la evolución del médico en entrenamiento. Resultados: 10 residentes de cirugía general. Se evidenció un mejor desempeño de residentes al finalizar el primer periodo evaluando conocimientos teóricos sobre atención inicial de paciente politraumatizado (AIP), identificación de estructuras anatómicas (IEA) y procedimientos y técnicas quirúrgicas (PYTQ). En simulación y habilidades un 70% pudo realizar los ejercicios sin necesidad de participación de instructores. En el segundo periodo se evaluó a estudiantes de grado de la carrera de medicina, los cuales previa instrucción obtuvieron por encima del 60% de conocimientos y habilidades técnicas adquiridas. En este periodo también se pudo evaluar a los residentes en su rol de docentes, los cuales tuvieron un porcentaje promedio de 70% de respuestas positivas sobre el desempeño de estos por parte de los alumnos. Conclusión: El desarrollo de nuevos espacios de aprendizaje favorece la formación continua en trauma de residente. La estrategia pedagógica correctamente planificada y con la supervisión adecuada puede considerarse como una alternativa en los programas de capacitación, y es posible incorporar conocimientos y habilidades en los estudiantes de la carrera de medicina mejorando la calidad educativa de las instituciones

Introduction: The initial care of traumatized patients is one of the most frequent medical practices in the emergency services. The acquisition of the necessary skills for the correct management of these patients should be incorporated from the basic medical training. Teaching is a complex task and it is necessary to implement multiple strategies that guarantee the acquisition of knowledge, allowing it to become a pedagogical tool for doctors in training and create new opportunities for the incorporation of new skills for medical school students. The correct identification of the anatomical structures and the initial care of the traumatized patient will allow to reduce the possible adverse events and the morbidity and mortality of the surgical patients. Objectives: To demonstrate the use of teaching in the initial care of trauma as a pedagogical tool for the correct learning and training of the resident of general surgery. Material and method: : Two periods of analysis (January -December 2016). In the first period: training sessions for residents of general surgery in initial care in polytraumatized patients, learning of normal human anatomy in 10% formolized corpses and the development of skills through the application of basic and advanced simulators. In the second period: workshops of initial and surgical skills aimed at medical students; dictated by the resident under the supervision of specialists, evaluating through the direct observation and supervision of knowledge acquisition. Learning of the established contents by cognitive simulation hrough the development of clinical cases, the feedback and the evolution of the doctor in training. Results: 10 residents of general surgery. A better performance of residents at the end of the first period was evidenced evaluating theoretical knowledge about initial attention of polytraumatized patients (AIP), identification of anatomical structures (IEA) and surgical procedures and techniques (PYTQ). In simulation and skills, 70% could perform the exercises without the need for instructors to participate. In the second period, medical degree students were evaluated, which, after receiving instructions, obtained over 60% of the knowledge and technical skills acquired. In this period it was also possible to evaluate the residents in their role as teachers, who had an average percentage of 70% of positive responses on the performance of these by the students. Conclusions: The development of new learning spaces favors continuous training in resident trauma. The pedagogical strategy correctly planned and with adequate supervision can be considered as an alternative in the training programs, and it is possible to incorporate knowledge and skills in the medical career students improving the educational quality of the institutions

Lesões podais em ovinos da Mesorregião Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul / Foot lesions of sheep from southwestern Rio Grande do Sul

Lesões podais em ovinos são causas importantes de perdas econômicas por quedas na produtividade, na reprodução, por gastos com tratamentos ineficientes e com o descarte de animais afetados. Dessa forma, os objetivos foram descrever as principais características das lesões podais observadas em ovinos da Mesorregião Sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, seus aspectos epidemiológicos e a importância da ocorrência desses distúrbios para a criação de ovinos nessa região. Foram coletados dados epidemiológicos e clinicopatológicos de rebanhos ovinos da região entre abril de 2014 e abril de 2015 através de visitas técnicas em propriedades rurais. Foram avaliados rebanhos ovinos em 27 propriedades rurais localizadas em diferentes municípios, dos quais 21 registraram a ocorrência de lesões podais com relato de perdas econômicas significativas. Aproximadamente 1.700 ovinos, em média 10% dos rebanhos, apresentavam diferentes graus de claudicação decorrente de lesões podais que variavam de brandas a severas. Verificou-se que diversos fatores como clima e manejo foram favoráveis para o desenvolvimento das lesões podais e essas podem estar associadas a diferentes distúrbios e agentes etiológicos. No entanto, embora essas condições sejam importantes, o controle e a prevenção tem se mostrado ineficientes. Observou-se ainda que a pododermatite infecciosa dos ovinos (Footrot), parece ser a principal doença podal na região e atualmente pode ser considerada uma doença negligenciada.(AU)

Foot lesions in sheep are important causes of economic loss due to fall in productivity, reproduction, by spending on ineffective treatment and elimination of affected animals. The purpose of this study was described the main features of foot lesions of sheep from southwestern Rio Grande do Sul, as well as epidemiological aspects and the importance of occurrence of these lesions for sheep farming in the region. Epidemiological and clinic-pathological information of sheep herds from the region between April 2014 and April 2015, by means of visits to farms. In the study were evaluated 27 sheep flocks on farms located in different municipalities. In 21 farms was reported occurrence of foot lesions in sheep having caused significant economic losses. About 1700 sheep, 10% of herds, showed different degree of lameness caused by foot lesions ranging from mild to severe. It was found that several factors, such as climate and breeding were favorable for the development of foot injuries which may be associated with different disorders and etiologic agents. Although these injuries are important, the control and prevention has proved ineffective. Also was observed that infectious pododermatitis (Footrot) may be the main foot disease of sheep in the region, and can be considered a neglected disease.(AU)

Profile of renal trauma victims treated at a university hospital in Curitiba / Perfil dos pacientes vítimas de trauma renal atendidos em um hospital universitário de Curitiba

ABSTRACT Objective: to study the profile of victims of kidney trauma who underwent surgical and medical treatment in a hospital in Curitiba. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, analytical, quantitative, cross-sectional study of patients with renal trauma admitted to the Evangelical Hospital of Curitiba between February 2011 and January 2014. Results: participated in the study 38 patients, four women and 34, men with a mean age of 28.4 years. Most injuries (60.5%) was due to closed mechanisms, especially motorcycle accidents. Injuries were treated conservatively in most cases. Patients who required surgical treatment had severe kidney damage or some other associated lesion, usually intra-abdominal. Hospital stay was lower in the conservative treatment group (10.8 days) compared with the surgical treatment one (18.8 days); mortality was also lower in the conservative treatment group (8.3%) compared with the surgical (14.3%). There were no deaths associated to kidney damage itself. Conclusion: patients with renal trauma in this study were young men, victims of motorcycle accidents, taking place during the night and early morning. Most injuries were treated conservatively.

RESUMO Objetivo: estudar o perfil das vítimas de traumas renais submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico e clínico em um hospital de Curitiba. Métodos: estudo transversal quantitativo analítico retrospectivo de pacientes com trauma renal admitidos no Hospital Universitário Evangélico de Curitiba entre fevereiro de 2011 e janeiro de 2014. Resultados: fizeram parte do estudo 38 pacientes, sendo quatro mulheres e 34 homens, com média de idade de 28,4 anos. A maior parte dos traumas (60,5%) foi decorrente de mecanismo fechado, em especial acidentes automobilísticos envolvendo motos, tratados de maneira conservadora na maior parte dos casos. Os pacientes que necessitaram de tratamento cirúrgico possuíam lesões renais graves ou alguma outra lesão associada, geralmente intra-abdominal. O tempo de internamento foi menor no grupo de tratamento conservador (10,8 dias) em relação ao grupo de tratamento cirúrgico (18,8 dias), assim como a mortalidade também foi menor no grupo de tratamento conservador (8,3%) comparada ao cirúrgico (14,3%). Nenhuma morte foi relacionada à lesão renal em si. Conclusão: os pacientes com traumatismo renal neste estudo foram homens jovens, vítimas de acidentes automobilísticos com motos, ocorrendo durante a noite e madrugada. A maioria das lesões foi tratada de modo conservador.

Analysis of the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) in 200 victims of different trauma mechanisms / Avaliação do Escore de Trauma Revisado (RTS) em 200 vítimas de trauma com mecanismos diferentes

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile and mortality associated with the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) in trauma victims treated at a university hospital. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study of trauma protocols (prospectively collected) from December 2013 to February 2014, including trauma victims admitted in the emergency room of the Cajuru University Hospital. We set up three groups: (G1) penetrating trauma to the abdomen and chest, (G2) blunt trauma to the abdomen and chest, and (G3) traumatic brain injury. The variables we analyzed were: gender, age, day of week, mechanism of injury, type of transportation, RTS, hospitalization time and mortality. Results: we analyzed 200 patients, with a mean age of 36.42 ± 17.63 years, and 73.5% were male. The mean age was significantly lower in G1 than in the other groups (p <0.001). Most (40%) of the visits occurred on weekends and the most common pre-hospital transport service (58%) was the SIATE (Emergency Trauma Care Integrated Service). The hospital stay was significantly higher in G1 compared with the other groups (p <0.01). Regarding mortality, there were 12%, 1.35% and 3.95% of deaths in G1, G2 and G3, respectively. The median RTS among the deaths was 5.49, 7.84 and 1.16, respectively, for the three groups. Conclusion: the majority of patients were young men. RTS was effective in predicting mortality in traumatic brain injury, however failing to predict it in patients suffering from blunt and penetrating trauma.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico e a mortalidade associada ao escore de trauma revisado (RTS) em vítimas de trauma atendidas em um hospital universitário. Métodos: estudo transversal descritivo de protocolos de trauma (coletados prospectivamente) de dezembro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014, incluindo vítimas de trauma admitidas na sala de emergência do Hospital Universitário Cajuru. Três grupos foram criados: (G1) trauma penetrante em abdome e tórax, (G2) trauma contuso em abdome e tórax, e (G3) trauma cranioencefálico. As variáveis analisadas foram: sexo, idade, dia da semana, mecanismo de trauma, tipo de transporte, RTS, tempo de internamento e mortalidade. Resultados: analisou-se 200 pacientes, com média de idade de 36,42 ± 17,63 anos, sendo 73,5% do sexo masculino. A média de idade no G1 foi significativamente menor do que nos demais grupos (p <0,001). A maioria (40%) dos atendimentos ocorreu nos finais de semana e o serviço de transporte pré-hospitalar mais frequente (58%) foi o SIATE (Serviço Integrado de Atendimento ao Trauma em Emergência). O tempo de internamento foi significativamente maior no G1, em comparação aos demais grupos (p <0,01). Quanto à mortalidade, houve 12%, 1,35% e 3,95% de óbitos nos grupos G1, G2 e G3, respectivamente. A mediana do RTS entre os óbitos foi 5,49, 7,84 e 1,16, respectivamente, para os três grupos. Conclusão: a maioria dos pacientes eram homens jovens. O RTS mostrou-se efetivo na predição de mortalidade no trauma cranioencefálico, entretanto falhou ao analisar pacientes vítimas de trauma contuso e penetrante.

Morbi-mortalidad por lesiones de causas externas en adultos mayores residentes en CABA. Serie histórica 2006-2015 / Morbidity and mortality from external causes in elderly residents at CABA: Historical series 2006-2015

La morbi-mortalidad por Lesiones de Causas Externas (LCE) representa una problemática de Salud Pública creciente a nivel mundial ya que afecta a la población en su conjunto tanto en su desarrollo social, cultural y económico. Se observa que la llamada transición demográfica se ha acompañado de un complejo y heterogéneo proceso de transición epidemiológica. En términos generales, este proceso conlleva el aumento de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas que pueden ocasionar algún tipo de discapacidad. Existe una relación recíproca entre transición epidemiológica y transición demográfica que se refleja en el acceso a la protección en salud y nuevas demandas para la Salud Pública. En la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, el 20,4% de la población es mayor de 60 años, mientras que a nivel nacional esta proporción alcanza el 14,27%. Se analiza la mortalidad por LCE en Adultos Mayores residentes de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires a lo largo del periodo 2006-2015, según las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, intencionalidad de las lesiones, mecanismo de muerte.

Reconstrucción de una pérdida parcial del pabellón auricular por trauma / Reconstruction of a partial traumatic auricular loss

La posición expuesta de la oreja la hace vulnerable a muchos tipos de lesiones, entre las que se encuentran los traumas. Nuestro propósito es presentar un caso clínico en el que se realizó la reconstrucción de una pérdida parcial del pabellón auricular por trauma. Acude al cuerpo de guardia del Hospital Universitario General Calixto García; un paciente masculino de 42 años refiriendo haber perdido un fragmento de oreja en una riña. Se decide realizar hemostasia y fijación mediante puntos de sutura del pabellón auricular remanente a la región temporal, previa incisión en la zona. A los 3 meses del evento traumático se reevalúa con fines de realizar la planificación preoperatoria reconstructiva. Se decide la realizarla mediante injerto de cartílago costal colocado en forma de bolsillo; en la región temporal. Al mes de esta última intervención quirúrgica se realiza, bajo anestesia local, la liberación de la región auricular, el avance de un colgajo temporal y la colocación de un injerto libre de piel en la cara posterior del área reconstruida. Se observa una excelente evolución posoperatoria. El paciente refirió una gran satisfacción por los resultados estéticos obtenidos. En este caso se empleó una secuencia diagnóstica y terapéutica, según elección de los cirujanos involucrados, ante un defecto traumático parcial del pabellón auricular en sus tercios superior y medio. Este tipo de secuela traumática requirió el empleo de procederes quirúrgicos en varios tiempos operatorios que garantizaran un buen aporte sanguíneo de los tejidos y adecuados resultados estéticos finales(AU)

The exposed position of the ear makes it vulnerable to many types of injuries, including traumas. It is our purpose to present a clinical case in which reconstruction was performed of a partial traumatic auricular loss. A 42-year-old male patient presents at the emergency service of General Calixto García; University Hospital and reports having lost a piece of his ear in a fight. It was decided to perform hemostasis and fixation by stitching the remaining section of the auricle to the temporal region, after making an incision in the area. Three months after the traumatic event re-evaluation was conducted with a view to planning reconstructive surgery. It was decided to carry out the reconstruction placing a pocket-shaped rib cartilage graft in the temporal region. One month after the operation, auricular release, advancement of a temporary flap and placement of a free skin graft on the back of the reconstructed area were performed under local anesthesia. Excellent postoperative evolution was observed. The patient reported great satisfaction with the esthetic results obtained. The case herein presented was based on a diagnostic and therapeutic sequence of actions determined by the surgeons involved with a view to correcting a partial traumatic defect of the upper and middle thirds of the auricle. This type of traumatic sequel required the use of surgical procedures at several operative moments ensuring good blood supply to tissues and appropriate final esthetic results(AU)